Can household waste truly fuel aircraft?
Can household waste truly fuel aircraft?
Apr 3, 2026
Can household waste truly fuel aircraft?
A recent UCL techno-economic analysis on Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production from municipal solid waste delivers critical insights for the energy transition.
Key findings:
Two pathways assessed
• BECCS: 95% CO₂ capture with permanent storage → achieves negative emissions
• PBtL: Green hydrogen integration → boosts SAF yield but significantly increases energy consumption
Economic reality
Minimum production cost: £7.7/kg SAF — substantially higher than conventional jet fuel. Without policy support, commercial viability remains out of reach.
Environmental performance
Up to 90% emissions reduction compared to fossil-based jet fuel, with BECCS offering net-negative potential.
A recent UCL techno-economic analysis on Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production from municipal solid waste delivers critical insights for the energy transition.
Key findings:
Two pathways assessed
• BECCS: 95% CO₂ capture with permanent storage → achieves negative emissions
• PBtL: Green hydrogen integration → boosts SAF yield but significantly increases energy consumption
Economic reality
Minimum production cost: £7.7/kg SAF — substantially higher than conventional jet fuel. Without policy support, commercial viability remains out of reach.
Environmental performance
Up to 90% emissions reduction compared to fossil-based jet fuel, with BECCS offering net-negative potential.
The bottom line
Technology is ready. Cost is the barrier. Mandates, carbon pricing, and targeted incentives are essential to bridge the gap.
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